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背景
本系列主要目标初步完成一款智能音箱的基础功能,包括语音唤醒、语音识别(语音转文字)、处理用户请求(比如查天气等,主要通过rasa自己定义意图实现)、语音合成(文字转语音)功能。
语音识别、语音合成采用离线方式实现。
语音识别使用sherpa-onnx,可以实现离线中英文语音识别。
本文用到的一些安装包在snowboy那一篇的必要条件中已经完成了部分构建,在离线语音识别安装完成之后也会把相关代码写到snowboy项目中,语音唤醒之后调用语音识别翻译用户说话的内容。
语音唤醒文章地址:
snowboy 自定义唤醒词 实现语音唤醒【语音助手】_殷长庆的博客-CSDN博客
参考文章
sherpa-onnx教程(强烈建议按官网的步骤安装):
Installation — sherpa 1.3 documentation
sherpa-onnx的预编译模型
Pre-trained models — sherpa 1.3 documentation
实践
下载安装sherpa-onnx
cd /home/testgit clone https://github.com/k2-fsa/sherpa-onnx
cd sherpa-onnx
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ..
make -j6
安装完成之后会在bin目录下发现sherpa-onnx的可执行文件
下载预编译模型
我选择的是offline-paraformer版本的模型,因为他同时支持中英文的离线识别,这个离线识别是基于wav视频文件的,正好满足要求。
参考官网地址:
Paraformer models — sherpa 1.3 documentation
下面是操作步骤:
cd /home/test/sherpa-onnxGIT_LFS_SKIP_SMUDGE=1 git clone https://huggingface.co/csukuangfj/sherpa-onnx-paraformer-zh-2023-03-28
cd sherpa-onnx-paraformer-zh-2023-03-28
git lfs pull --include "*.onnx"
检查是否下载成功,注意看模型文件的大小
sherpa-onnx-paraformer-zh-2023-03-28$ ls -lh *.onnx
-rw-r--r-- 1 kuangfangjun root 214M Apr 1 07:28 model.int8.onnx
-rw-r--r-- 1 kuangfangjun root 824M Apr 1 07:28 model.onnx
可以看到两个模型文件,这俩模型本机测试感觉差距不是太大,我选择的是int8这个版本
测试语音识别
测试以下语音识别效果
cd /home/test/sherpa-onnx./build/bin/sherpa-onnx-offline \--tokens=./sherpa-onnx-paraformer-zh-2023-03-28/tokens.txt \--paraformer=./sherpa-onnx-paraformer-zh-2023-03-28/model.int8.onnx \./sherpa-onnx-paraformer-zh-2023-03-28/test_wavs/0.wav
出现相应的正确打印就代表语音识别准备工作完成了
集成到snowboy
首先在sherpa-onnx目录的python-api-examples下有python的api,我们需要的是offline-decode-files.py这个文件,其中main()方法用来离线识别一个wav文件。
接下来我们对该文件进行一点点的修改,主要是把模型的默认参数配置好,然后识别完成之后返回识别内容
offlinedecode.py
把offline-decode-files.py文件更名为offlinedecode.py,或者是新建一个offlinedecode.py文件
touch offlinedecode.pyvim offlinedecode.py
编辑文件的内容
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#
# Copyright (c) 2023 by manyeyes"""
This file demonstrates how to use sherpa-onnx Python API to transcribe
file(s) with a non-streaming model.
Please refer to
https://k2-fsa.github.io/sherpa/onnx/index.html
to install sherpa-onnx and to download the pre-trained models
used in this file.
"""
import time
import wave
from typing import List, Tupleimport numpy as np
import sherpa_onnxclass Constants:encoder="" # or 如果用zipformer模型需要修改成zipformer的 encoder-epoch-12-avg-4.int8.onnxdecoder="" # or 如果用zipformer模型需要修改成zipformer的decoder-epoch-12-avg-4.int8.onnxjoiner="" # or 如果用zipformer模型需要修改成zipformer的joiner-epoch-12-avg-4.int8.onnxtokens="/home/test/sherpa-onnx/sherpa-onnx-paraformer-zh-2023-03-28/tokens.txt" # 如果用zipformer模型需要修改成zipformer的tokens.txtnum_threads=1sample_rate=16000feature_dim=80decoding_method="greedy_search" # Or modified_ Beam_ Search, only used when the encoder is not emptycontexts="" # 关键词微调,只在modified_ Beam_ Search模式下有用context_score=1.5debug=Falsemodeling_unit="char"paraformer="/home/test/sherpa-onnx/sherpa-onnx-paraformer-zh-2023-03-28/model.int8.onnx" # 实际上使用的是该模型global args,contexts_list,recognizer
args = Constants()def encode_contexts(args, contexts: List[str]) -> List[List[int]]:tokens = {}with open(args.tokens, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:for line in f:toks = line.strip().split()tokens[toks[0]] = int(toks[1])return sherpa_onnx.encode_contexts(modeling_unit=args.modeling_unit, contexts=contexts, sp=None, tokens_table=tokens)def read_wave(wave_filename: str) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, int]:"""Args:wave_filename:Path to a wave file. It should be single channel and each sample shouldbe 16-bit. Its sample rate does not need to be 16kHz.Returns:Return a tuple containing:- A 1-D array of dtype np.float32 containing the samples, which arenormalized to the range [-1, 1].- sample rate of the wave file"""with wave.open(wave_filename) as f:assert f.getnchannels() == 1, f.getnchannels()assert f.getsampwidth() == 2, f.getsampwidth() # it is in bytesnum_samples = f.getnframes()samples = f.readframes(num_samples)samples_int16 = np.frombuffer(samples, dtype=np.int16)samples_float32 = samples_int16.astype(np.float32)samples_float32 = samples_float32 / 32768return samples_float32, f.getframerate()# 初始化(因为用到的是paraformer,所以实际上初始化的是paraformer的识别)
def init():global argsglobal recognizerglobal contexts_listcontexts_list=[]if args.encoder:contexts = [x.strip().upper() for x in args.contexts.split("/") if x.strip()]if contexts:print(f"Contexts list: {contexts}")contexts_list = encode_contexts(args, contexts)recognizer = sherpa_onnx.OfflineRecognizer.from_transducer(encoder=args.encoder,decoder=args.decoder,joiner=args.joiner,tokens=args.tokens,num_threads=args.num_threads,sample_rate=args.sample_rate,feature_dim=args.feature_dim,decoding_method=args.decoding_method,context_score=args.context_score,debug=args.debug,)elif args.paraformer:recognizer = sherpa_onnx.OfflineRecognizer.from_paraformer(paraformer=args.paraformer,tokens=args.tokens,num_threads=args.num_threads,sample_rate=args.sample_rate,feature_dim=args.feature_dim,decoding_method=args.decoding_method,debug=args.debug,)# 语音识别
# *sound_files 要识别的音频路径
# return 识别后的结果
def asr(*sound_files):global argsglobal recognizerglobal contexts_liststart_time = time.time()streams = []total_duration = 0for wave_filename in sound_files:samples, sample_rate = read_wave(wave_filename)duration = len(samples) / sample_ratetotal_duration += durationif contexts_list:s = recognizer.create_stream(contexts_list=contexts_list)else:s = recognizer.create_stream()s.accept_waveform(sample_rate, samples)streams.append(s)recognizer.decode_streams(streams)results = [s.result.text for s in streams]end_time = time.time()for wave_filename, result in zip(sound_files, results):return f"{result}"
编辑完成保存,把文件移动到snowboy的Python3目录下
mv offlinedecode.py /home/test/snowboy/examples/Python3/
demo.py
修改snowboy的demo.py文件
cd /home/test/snowboy/examples/Python3/vim demo.py
主要修改为snowboy唤醒设备之后,开始录音,当结束录音时调用sherpa-onnx识别语音内容,把demo.py修改为以下内容
import snowboydecoder
import signal
import os
import offlinedecodeinterrupted = Falsedef signal_handler(signal, frame):global interruptedinterrupted = Truedef interrupt_callback():global interruptedreturn interrupted# 初始化语音识别
offlinedecode.init()# 唤醒词模型文件
model = '../../model/hotword.pmdl'# capture SIGINT signal, e.g., Ctrl+C
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)detector = snowboydecoder.HotwordDetector(model, sensitivity=0.5)
print('Listening... Press Ctrl+C to exit')# 录音之后的回调
# fname 音频文件路径
def audio_recorder_callback(fname):text = offlinedecode.asr(fname)# 打印识别内容print(text)# 删除录音文件if isinstance(fname, str) and os.path.exists(fname):if os.path.isfile(fname):os.remove(fname)# main loop
detector.start(detected_callback=snowboydecoder.play_audio_file,audio_recorder_callback=audio_recorder_callback,interrupt_check=interrupt_callback,sleep_time=0.03)detector.terminate()
编辑完成保存,然后测试是否有识别成功
测试集成效果
cd /home/test/snowboy/examples/Python3/python demo.py
成功之后会打印识别内容,然后删除本地录音文件。