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cuda小白
原始API链接 NPP

GPU架构近些年也有不少的变化，具体的可以参考别的博主的介绍，都比较详细。还有一些cuda中的专有名词的含义，可以参考《详解CUDA的Context、Stream、Warp、SM、SP、Kernel、Block、Grid》

常见的NppStatus，可以看这里。

7 是图像的傅里叶变换，还在学习中

本文主要讲述的是形态学变换

Dilation

膨胀操作（对二值化物体边界点进行扩充，将与物体接触的所有背景点合并到该物体中，使边界向外部扩张。如果两个物体间隔较近，会将两物体连通在一起。）

// 返回mask下的最大像素值作为输出的pixel，如果mask的值为0，则不参与最大值查询
NppStatus nppiDilate_8u_C3R(const Npp8u *pSrc,Npp32s nSrcStep,Npp8u *pDst,Npp32s nDstStep,NppiSize oSizeROI,const Npp8u *pMask,NppiSize oMaskSize,NppiPoint oAnchor);
// 与前一个接口的区别是多了一个borderType的类型指定
/* 
NppiBorderType {NPP_BORDER_UNDEFINED,NPP_BORDER_NONE,NPP_BORDER_CONSTANT,NPP_BORDER_REPLICATE,NPP_BORDER_WARP,NPP_BORDER_MIRROR	
};
*/
NppStatus nppiDilateBorder_8u_C3R(const Npp8u *pSrc,Npp32s nSrcStep,NppiSize oSrcSize,NppiPoint oSrcOffset,Npp8u *pDst,Npp32s nDstStep,NppiSize oSizeROI,const Npp8u *pMask,NppiSize oMaskSize,NppiPoint oAnchor,NppiBorderType eBorderType);
// 特定大小的kernel
NppStatus nppiDilate3x3_8u_C3R(const Npp8u *pSrc,Npp32s nSrcStep,Npp8u *pDst,Npp32s nDstStep,NppiSize oSizeROI);

code

#include <iostream>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>
#include <npp.h>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>#define CUDA_FREE(ptr) { if (ptr != nullptr) { cudaFree(ptr); ptr = nullptr; } }int main() {std::string directory = "../";cv::Mat image_dog = cv::imread(directory + "dog.png");int image_width = image_dog.cols;int image_height = image_dog.rows;int image_size = image_width * image_height;// =============== device memory ===============// inputuint8_t *in_image;cudaMalloc((void**)&in_image, image_size * 3 * sizeof(uint8_t));cudaMemcpy(in_image, image_dog.data, image_size * 3 * sizeof(uint8_t), cudaMemcpyHostToDevice);// outputuint8_t *out_ptr1, *out_ptr2;cudaMalloc((void**)&out_ptr1, image_size * 3 * sizeof(uint8_t));  // 三通道cudaMalloc((void**)&out_ptr2, image_size * 3 * sizeof(uint8_t));  // 三通道NppiSize in_size;in_size.width = image_width;in_size.height = image_height;NppiRect rc;rc.x = 0;rc.y = 0;rc.width = image_width;rc.height = image_height;int mask_size = 10;cv::Mat mat_mask = cv::Mat::ones(mask_size, mask_size, CV_8UC1);uint8_t *mask;cudaMalloc((void**)&mask, mask_size * mask_size * sizeof(uint8_t));cudaMemcpy(mask, mat_mask.data, mask_size * mask_size * sizeof(uint8_t), cudaMemcpyHostToDevice);cv::Mat out_image = cv::Mat::zeros(image_height, image_width, CV_8UC3);NppStatus status;NppiSize npp_mask_size;npp_mask_size.width = mask_size;npp_mask_size.height = mask_size;NppiPoint pt;pt.x = 0;pt.y = 0;// =============== nppiDilate_8u_C3R ===============status = nppiDilate_8u_C3R(in_image, image_width * 3, out_ptr1, image_width * 3, in_size, mask, npp_mask_size, pt);if (status != NPP_SUCCESS) {std::cout << "[GPU] ERROR nppiDilate_8u_C3R failed, status = " << status << std::endl;return false;}cudaMemcpy(out_image.data, out_ptr1, image_size * 3, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);cv::imwrite(directory + "dilate.jpg", out_image);// =============== nppiDilateBorder_8u_C3R ===============NppiPoint src_pt;src_pt.x = 100;src_pt.y = 100;status = nppiDilateBorder_8u_C3R(in_image, image_width * 3, in_size, src_pt, out_ptr2, image_width * 3, in_size, mask, npp_mask_size, pt, NPP_BORDER_REPLICATE);if (status != NPP_SUCCESS) {std::cout << "[GPU] ERROR nppiDilateBorder_8u_C3R failed, status = " << status << std::endl;return false;}cudaMemcpy(out_image.data, out_ptr2, image_size * 3, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);cv::imwrite(directory + "dilate_border.jpg", out_image);// freeCUDA_FREE(in_image)CUDA_FREE(out_ptr1)CUDA_FREE(out_ptr2)
}

make

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
project(test)find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED)
include_directories(${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS})find_package(CUDA REQUIRED)
include_directories(${CUDA_INCLUDE_DIRS})
file(GLOB CUDA_LIBS "/usr/local/cuda/lib64/*.so")add_executable(test test.cpp)
target_link_libraries(test${OpenCV_LIBS}${CUDA_LIBS}
)

result

注意：

1. nppiDilateBorder_8u_C3R 仅支持border的模式为 NPP_BORDER_REPLICATE，其他模式会报错，错误码为-9999。

Erode

腐蚀操作

NppStatus nppiErode_8u_C3R(const Npp8u *pSrc,Npp32s nSrcStep,Npp8u *pDst,Npp32s nDstStep,NppiSize oSizeROI,const Npp8u *pMask,NppiSize oMaskSize,NppiPoint oAnchor);
NppStatus nppiErodeBorder_8u_C3R(const Npp8u *pSrc,Npp32s nSrcStep,NppiSize oSrcSize,NppiPoint oSrcOffset,Npp8u *pDst,Npp32s nDstStep,NppiSize oSizeROI,const Npp8u *pMask,NppiSize oMaskSize,NppiPoint oAnchor,NppiBorderType eBorderType);
// 固定大小的Erode
NppStatus nppiErode3x3_8u_C3R(const Npp8u *pSrc,Npp32s nSrcStep,Npp8u *pDst,Npp32s nDstStep,NppiSize oSizeROI);
// nppiErode3x3Border_8u_C3R 不详细介绍了

再此使用上一个实验膨胀之后的图像作为腐蚀的输入。

code

#include <iostream>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>
#include <npp.h>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>#define CUDA_FREE(ptr) { if (ptr != nullptr) { cudaFree(ptr); ptr = nullptr; } }int main() {std::string directory = "../";cv::Mat image_dog = cv::imread(directory + "dilate.jpg");int image_width = image_dog.cols;int image_height = image_dog.rows;int image_size = image_width * image_height;// =============== device memory ===============// inputuint8_t *in_image;cudaMalloc((void**)&in_image, image_size * 3 * sizeof(uint8_t));cudaMemcpy(in_image, image_dog.data, image_size * 3 * sizeof(uint8_t), cudaMemcpyHostToDevice);// outputuint8_t *out_ptr1, *out_ptr2;cudaMalloc((void**)&out_ptr1, image_size * 3 * sizeof(uint8_t));  // 三通道cudaMalloc((void**)&out_ptr2, image_size * 3 * sizeof(uint8_t));  // 三通道NppiSize in_size;in_size.width = image_width;in_size.height = image_height;NppiRect rc;rc.x = 0;rc.y = 0;rc.width = image_width;rc.height = image_height;int mask_size = 10;cv::Mat mat_mask = cv::Mat::ones(mask_size, mask_size, CV_8UC1);uint8_t *mask;cudaMalloc((void**)&mask, mask_size * mask_size * sizeof(uint8_t));cudaMemcpy(mask, mat_mask.data, mask_size * mask_size * sizeof(uint8_t), cudaMemcpyHostToDevice);cv::Mat out_image = cv::Mat::zeros(image_height, image_width, CV_8UC3);NppStatus status;NppiSize npp_mask_size;npp_mask_size.width = mask_size;npp_mask_size.height = mask_size;NppiPoint pt;pt.x = 0;pt.y = 0;// =============== nppiErode_8u_C3R ===============status = nppiErode_8u_C3R(in_image, image_width * 3, out_ptr1, image_width * 3, in_size, mask, npp_mask_size, pt);if (status != NPP_SUCCESS) {std::cout << "[GPU] ERROR nppiErode_8u_C3R failed, status = " << status << std::endl;return false;}cudaMemcpy(out_image.data, out_ptr1, image_size * 3, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);cv::imwrite(directory + "erode.jpg", out_image);// =============== nppiErodeBorder_8u_C3R ===============NppiPoint src_pt;src_pt.x = 100;src_pt.y = 100;status = nppiErodeBorder_8u_C3R(in_image, image_width * 3, in_size, src_pt, out_ptr2, image_width * 3, in_size, mask, npp_mask_size, pt, NPP_BORDER_REPLICATE);if (status != NPP_SUCCESS) {std::cout << "[GPU] ERROR nppiErodeBorder_8u_C3R failed, status = " << status << std::endl;return false;}cudaMemcpy(out_image.data, out_ptr2, image_size * 3, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost);cv::imwrite(directory + "erode_border.jpg", out_image);// freeCUDA_FREE(in_image)CUDA_FREE(out_ptr1)CUDA_FREE(out_ptr2)
}

make

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
project(test)find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED)
include_directories(${OpenCV_INCLUDE_DIRS})find_package(CUDA REQUIRED)
include_directories(${CUDA_INCLUDE_DIRS})
file(GLOB CUDA_LIBS "/usr/local/cuda/lib64/*.so")add_executable(test test.cpp)
target_link_libraries(test${OpenCV_LIBS}${CUDA_LIBS}
)

result

注意点：

1. nppiErodeBorder_8u_C3R 仅支持border的模式为 NPP_BORDER_REPLICATE，其他模式会报错，错误码为-9999。

ComplexImageMorphology

复杂图像形态学，暂时不做介绍，后续视情况而定
<<<链接>>>