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实战：实现学生信息管理模块
- 环境准备
- JDK
- Spring Boot
- MyBatis
- 创建Spring Boot项目
使用Spring Initializr创建一个新的Spring Boot项目，并添加以下依赖：
- Spring Web
- MyBatis Framework
- MySQL Driver
- 数据库设计
在MySQL数据库中创建一个名为studentdb的数据库，并创建一个名为students的表，表结构如下：
CREATE TABLE `students` (`id` int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,`email` varchar(255) NOT NULL,`address` varchar(255) NOT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
- 配置数据源和MyBatis
在application.properties文件中添加以下配置：
# 数据源配置
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/studentdb?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
# MyBatis配置
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.example.demo.entity
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml
- 定义实体类
创建一个名为Student的实体类，代码如下：
public class Student {private int id;private String name;private String email;private String address;// getter和setter方法省略
}
- 定义Mapper接口
创建一个名为StudentMapper的Mapper接口，代码如下：
@Mapper
public interface StudentMapper {List<Student> getAllStudents();Student getStudentById(int id);int addStudent(Student student);int updateStudent(Student student);int deleteStudent(int id);
}
- 定义Mapper XML配置文件
在resources/mapper下创建一个名为StudentMapper.xml的配置文件，代码如下：
<mapper namespace="com.example.demo.mapper.StudentMapper"><resultMap id="StudentMap" type="com.example.demo.entity.Student"><id property="id" column="id" /><result property="name" column="name" /><result property="email" column="email" /><result property="address" column="address" /></resultMap><select id="getAllStudents" resultMap="StudentMap">SELECT * FROM students</select><select id="getStudentById" resultMap="StudentMap">SELECT * FROM students WHERE id=#{id}</select><insert id="addStudent" parameterType="com.example.demo.entity.Student">INSERT INTO students(name, email, address) VALUES(#{name}, #{email}, #{address})</insert><update id="updateStudent" parameterType="com.example.demo.entity.Student">UPDATE students SET name=#{name}, email=#{email}, address=#{address} WHERE id=#{id}</update><delete id="deleteStudent">DELETE FROM students WHERE id=#{id}</delete>
</mapper>
- 实现Controller
创建一个名为StudentController的Controller，代码如下：
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api")
public class StudentController {@Autowiredprivate StudentMapper studentMapper;@GetMapping("/students")public List<Student> getAllStudents() {return studentMapper.getAllStudents();}@GetMapping("/students/{id}")public Student getStudentById(@PathVariable int id) {return studentMapper.getStudentById(id);}@PostMapping("/students")public int addStudent(@RequestBody Student student) {return studentMapper.addStudent(student);}@PutMapping("/students")public int updateStudent(@RequestBody Student student) {return studentMapper.updateStudent(student);}@DeleteMapping("/students/{id}")public int deleteStudent(@PathVariable int id) {return studentMapper.deleteStudent(id);}
}
- 测试API
使用Postman或其他工具测试API，例如：
- GET http://localhost:8080/api/students
- GET http://localhost:8080/api/students/1
- POST http://localhost:8080/api/students
请求体：{"name": "张三","email": "zhangsan@example.com","address": "北京市海淀区" } - PUT http://localhost:8080/api/students
请求体：{"id": 1,"name": "张三","email": "zhangsan@example.com","address": "北京市海淀区" } - DELETE http://localhost:8080/api/students/1
完成以上步骤后，就可以使用Spring Boot和MyBatis实现一个简单的学生信息管理模块了。