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Android静态ip设置的坑

Android静态ip设置，对于这个功能，如果没有接触过，会给人感觉是个特别简单的功能，直接调用系统的接口即可，其实这个功能还是有许多坑的，因为谷歌在Android SDK中对相关的API进行非系统层的隐藏，打上了@hide标签，使得上层无法直接调用现有的接口，其中隐藏的API包含：EthernetManager,IpConfiguration,StaticIpConfiguration等接口，其中有的API虽然提供，但是关键的接口却被隐藏了。导致本来简单功能，变得无比繁琐，因此本文就对静态ip设置的坑做个总结，为相关开发者提供一个简易的参考。
解决Android静态ip设置的问题，可以从两个方面着手：

一方面有系统层接口的支持

系统接口也就是直接由系统层提供接口，一般是framework jar包上层直接调用接口传参，但是需要调整Gradle中的SDK的加载顺序，保证framework包正确替换AndroidSDK的jar包，否则编译会报错。

另一方面就是App层自己使用java的动态机制

动态机制即java的反射，通过反射调用系统隐藏的接口，但是这种方式发现在Android6以下的版本是可以的，Android6以上的版本虽然设置成功，设置里面参数也改了，但是重启你会发现，已经设置的静态模式会自动切换为动态模式，即系统不做数据存储保存，只是零时保存在内存中，所以你重启以后就被系统还原了，参考GitHub分析是高版本谷歌拦截了反射机制，不让非系统层修改数据，而且这个拦截是在C++层进行的，特别恶心，你绕都绕不过去,不过如果你的应用是Launcher应用的话，可以在App层做取巧，就是记录用户重启前是否做静态ip的保存，如果用户操作了静态ip保存，那么App启动的时候在Application的onCreate方法中下发静态ip配置，保证重启前静态ip状态和重启后的状态一致就能解决这个问题。以下就静态ip设置从系统层，App层两个方面做简要的代码实现分析：

1.系统层的实现：就是系统提供的接口直接调用，思路是先创建EthernetManager对象，接着创建StaticIpConfiguration对象，再使用StaticIpConfiguration对象创建IpConfiguration对象，最后将IpConfiguration设置给EthernetManager中即可，代码如下：

/*** 项目名称：demo* 描述* 静态ip的配置，通过framework.jar直调隐藏的系统接口*/
public class FEthernetUtil {private static EthernetManager mEthManager;private static StaticIpConfiguration mStaticIpConfiguration;private static IpConfiguration mIpConfiguration;/*** 描述* @param context* @param iFace //网口名称* @param ip * @param gateway* @param netmask* @param dns1* @param dns2* @return*/@SuppressLint("WrongConstant")public static int setStaticIp(Context context, String iFace, String ip, String gateway, String netmask, String dns1, String dns2) {//获取EthernetManager对象mEthManager = (EthernetManager) context.getSystemService("ethernet");if (setStaticIpConfiguration(ip, gateway, netmask, dns1, dns2)) {mEthManager.setConfiguration(iFace, mIpConfiguration);return 0;}return 1;}/*** 描述 初始mIpConfiguration* @param ip * @param gateway* @param netmask* @param dns1* @param dns2**/private static boolean setStaticIpConfiguration(String ip, String gateway, String netmask, String dns1, String dns2) {Inet4Address inetAddr = (Inet4Address) InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(ip);int prefixLength = maskStr2InetMask(netmask);InetAddress gatewayAddr = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(gateway);InetAddress dnsAddr = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(dns1);if (null == inetAddr || inetAddr.getAddress().toString().isEmpty() || prefixLength == 0 || gatewayAddr.toString().isEmpty() || dnsAddr.toString().isEmpty()) {return false;}String dnsStr2 = dns2;ArrayList<InetAddress> dnsAddrs = new ArrayList<InetAddress>();dnsAddrs.add(dnsAddr);if (!dnsStr2.isEmpty()) {dnsAddrs.add(InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress(dns2));}mStaticIpConfiguration = new StaticIpConfiguration.Builder().setIpAddress(new LinkAddress(inetAddr, prefixLength)).setGateway(gatewayAddr).setDnsServers(dnsAddrs).build();mIpConfiguration = new IpConfiguration();mIpConfiguration.setIpAssignment(IpConfiguration.IpAssignment.STATIC);mIpConfiguration.setProxySettings(IpConfiguration.ProxySettings.NONE);mIpConfiguration.setStaticIpConfiguration(mStaticIpConfiguration);return true;}/*** 描述* 子网掩码解析* @param maskStr* @return int**/private static int maskStr2InetMask(String maskStr) {StringBuffer sb;String str;int inetmask = 0;int count = 0;/** check the subMask format*/Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("(^((\\d|[01]?\\d\\d|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])\\.){3}(\\d|[01]?\\d\\d|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])$)|^(\\d|[1-2]\\d|3[0-2])$");if (pattern.matcher(maskStr).matches() == false) {return 0;}String[] ipSegment = maskStr.split("\\.");for (String s : ipSegment) {sb = new StringBuffer(Integer.toBinaryString(Integer.parseInt(s)));str = sb.reverse().toString();count = 0;for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {i = str.indexOf("1", i);if (i == -1) break;count++;}inetmask += count;}return inetmask;}
}

拿到系统层的jar包，跟使用其他jar一样进行gradle依赖配置，需要注意是gradle中的jar包加载顺序修改：

plugins {id 'com.android.library'id 'org.jetbrains.kotlin.android'
}......
dependencies {implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.8.0'api(files("libs/framework.jar"))//系统层配置静态ip的jar包
}gradle.projectsEvaluated {tasks.withType(JavaCompile) {Set<File> fileSet = options.bootstrapClasspath.getFiles();List<File> newFileList = new ArrayList<>()newFileList.add(new File("libs/framework.jar"))//加载本地系统jar包newFileList.addAll(fileSet)options.bootstrapClasspath = files(newFileList.toArray())}
}
//调整jar包的顺序
preBuild {doLast {def imlFile = file(project.name + ".iml")println('Change ' + project.name + '.iml order')try {def parsedXml = (new XmlParser()).parse(imlFile)def jdkNode = parsedXml.component[1].orderEntry.find { it.'@type' == 'jdk' }parsedXml.component[1].remove(jdkNode)def sdkString = "Android API " + android.compileSdkVersion.substring("android-".length()) + " Platform"new groovy.util.Node(parsedXml.component[1], 'orderEntry', ['type': 'jdk', 'jdkName': sdkString, 'jdkType': 'Android SDK'])groovy.xml.XmlUtil.serialize(parsedXml, new FileOutputStream(imlFile))} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {}}

2.App层的实现：App层实现通过反射来操作，实现思路其实和系统层实现是一样的逻辑，首先需要先获取EthernetManager对象，接着创建StaticIpConfiguration对象，再根据StaticIpConfiguration对象反射创建，IpConfiguration对象，和系统层对比App层是使用反射来获取对象而已逻辑是一样的：以下是代码实现：

class EthernetUtil @Inject constructor(@ApplicationContext private val context: Context,private val ipConfigRepository: IPConfigRepository,private val guideRepository: GuideRepository
) {/*** 设置以太网静态IP地址** @param address ip地址* @param mask    子网掩码* @param gate    网关* @param dns     dns*/fun setEthernetStaticIp(address: String,mask: String,gate: String,dns: String,dns2: String): Boolean {d(TAG, "setEthernetStaticIp --> ip: $address, mask: $mask, gate： $gate, dns: $dns, dns2: $dns2")return try {val ethernetManagerCls = Class.forName("android.net.EthernetManager")//获取EthernetManager实例@SuppressLint("WrongConstant") val ethManager = getApp().getSystemService("ethernet")val ipInfo = ipConfigRepository.getDefaultIp()val primaryDNS = if (dns.isNullOrEmpty() || dns.isNullOrBlank()) {ipInfo.IPAddress?.PrimaryDNS?.ipAddress} else {dns}val secondaryDNS = if (dns2.isNullOrEmpty() || dns2.isNullOrBlank()) {ipInfo.IPAddress?.SecondaryDNS?.ipAddress} else {dns2}//创建StaticIpConfigurationval staticIpConfiguration =newStaticIpConfiguration(address, gate, mask, primaryDNS ?: "", secondaryDNS ?: "")//创建IpConfigurationval ipConfiguration = newIpConfiguration(staticIpConfiguration)//获取EthernetManager的setConfiguration()val setConfigurationMethod = ethernetManagerCls.getDeclaredMethod("setConfiguration",*arrayOf(NET_ETH_0.javaClass, ipConfiguration.javaClass))//保存静态ip设置saveIpSettings(getApp(), address, mask, gate, dns, dns2)//保存和硬终端一致dns为空也配置//设置静态IPsetConfigurationMethod.invoke(ethManager, NET_ETH_0, ipConfiguration)guideRepository.guideStatus = truetrue} catch (e: Exception) {e.printStackTrace()false}}/**** 创建StaticIpConfiguration对象*/@Throws(Exception::class)private fun newStaticIpConfiguration(address: String,gate: String,mask: String,dns: String,dns2: String): Any {val staticIpConfigurationCls = Class.forName("android.net.StaticIpConfiguration")//实例化StaticIpConfigurationval staticIpConfiguration = staticIpConfigurationCls.newInstance()val ipAddress = staticIpConfigurationCls.getField("ipAddress")val gateway = staticIpConfigurationCls.getField("gateway")val domains = staticIpConfigurationCls.getField("domains")val dnsServers = staticIpConfigurationCls.getField("dnsServers")//设置ipAddressipAddress[staticIpConfiguration] = newLinkAddress(address, mask)//设置网关gateway[staticIpConfiguration] = InetAddress.getByName(gate)//设置掩码domains[staticIpConfiguration] = mask//设置dns1val dnsList = dnsServers[staticIpConfiguration] as ArrayList<InetAddress>dnsList.add(InetAddress.getByName(dns))//设置dns2dnsList.add(InetAddress.getByName(dns2))return staticIpConfiguration}/*** 获取LinkAddress实例*/@Throws(Exception::class)private fun newLinkAddress(address: String, mask: String): Any? {val linkAddressCls = Class.forName("android.net.LinkAddress")val linkAddressConstructor = linkAddressCls.getDeclaredConstructor(InetAddress::class.java,Int::class.java)d(TAG, "子网掩码参数：ip: ${InetAddress.getByName(address)} ${maskStr2InetMask(mask)}")return linkAddressConstructor.newInstance(InetAddress.getByName(address),maskStr2InetMask(mask))}/*** 获取IpConfiguration实例*/@Throws(Exception::class)private fun newIpConfiguration(staticIpConfiguration: Any): Any {val ipConfigurationCls = Class.forName("android.net.IpConfiguration")val ipConfiguration = ipConfigurationCls.newInstance()//设置StaticIpConfigurationval staticIpConfigurationField = ipConfigurationCls.getField("staticIpConfiguration")staticIpConfigurationField[ipConfiguration] = staticIpConfiguration//获取ipAssignment、proxySettings的枚举值val ipConfigurationEnum = getIpConfigurationEnum(ipConfigurationCls)//设置ipAssignmentval ipAssignment = ipConfigurationCls.getField("ipAssignment")ipAssignment[ipConfiguration] = ipConfigurationEnum["IpAssignment.STATIC"]//设置proxySettingsval proxySettings = ipConfigurationCls.getField("proxySettings")proxySettings[ipConfiguration] = ipConfigurationEnum["ProxySettings.STATIC"]return ipConfiguration}/*** 获取IpConfiguration的枚举值*/private fun getIpConfigurationEnum(ipConfigurationCls: Class<*>): Map<String, Any> {val enumMap: MutableMap<String, Any> = HashMap()val enumClass = ipConfigurationCls.declaredClassesfor (enumC in enumClass) {val enumConstants = enumC.enumConstants ?: continuefor (enu in enumConstants) {enumMap[enumC.simpleName + "." + enu.toString()] = enu}}return enumMap}/*** 保存静态ip设置*/private fun saveIpSettings(context: Context,address: String,mask: String,gate: String,dns: String,dns2: String) {val contentResolver = context.contentResolverSettings.Global.putString(contentResolver, "ethernet_static_ip", address)Settings.Global.putString(contentResolver, "ethernet_static_mask", mask)Settings.Global.putString(contentResolver, "ethernet_static_gateway", gate)Settings.Global.putString(contentResolver, "ethernet_static_dns1", dns)Settings.Global.putString(contentResolver, "ethernet_static_dns2", dns2)}/*** 获取子网掩码长度*/private fun maskStr2InetMask(maskStr: String): Int {var sb: StringBuffervar str: Stringvar inetmask = 0var count = 0/**** check mask format*/val pattern: Pattern =Pattern.compile("(^((\\d|[01]?\\d\\d|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])\\.){3}(\\d|[01]?\\d\\d|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])$)|^(\\d|[1-2]\\d|3[0-2])$")if (pattern.matcher(maskStr).matches() === false) {d(TAG, "subMask is error")return 0}val ipSegment = maskStr.split("\\.".toRegex()).toTypedArray()for (n in ipSegment.indices) {sb = StringBuffer(Integer.toBinaryString(ipSegment[n].toInt()))str = sb.reverse().toString()count = 0var i = 0while (i < str.length) {i = str.indexOf("1", i)if (i == -1) breakcount++i++}inetmask += count}return inetmask}